Practo Optimized Its Database Layer to Achieve 5X Performance and Lower AWS RDS Expenses

Overview

To support millions of patients every month, Practo required a highly stable and responsive platform. However, systemic lags and high operational maintenance overhead began to impact the patient booking experience and inflate infrastructure spending. By resolving bottlenecks and modernizing the database environment, Mydbops restored platform reliability, improved patient-doctor interaction speeds, and established a scalable foundation to support Practo's rapid global growth.
5X
Performance Boost
Accelerated database response speed through query tuning.
Reduced
AWS RDS Expenses
Slashed db maintenance costs by optimizing resource consumption.
Zero
Deployment Downtime
Enabled non-blocking db updates directly within the CI/CD pipeline.
24/7
Active DB Support
Established continuous database monitoring and preventative care.
MySQL
Consulting Services

About

Practo drives over 180 million annual patient interactions across a 400-million-user ecosystem. This massive engagement propelled the company's total GMV to ₹3,500 crore ($411 million). Led by its recent US expansion, Practo's new AI marketplace alone contributed $100 million to this surge. Consequently, the platform now commands a 70% market share in India while supporting 100,000 global healthcare providers.
★★★★★
We at Practo were looking for a full-time database admin and we met Mydbops team in the process. The decision to consult with Mydbops turned out to be one of the best decisions that we took. Mydbops team spent a week on 3 of our biggest MySQL databases and came up with a lot of suggestions. Once these suggestions were implemented, we gained a lot in our response times as well as more stable databases. Mydbops team has a lot of depth and insights into the working of MySQL and how it needs to be managed. It was a pleasure working with such a technically sound and dedicated team.
Hari Prashanth K R
General Manager Engineering, Practo
Deployment Type
Database Stack
Outcome
Cloud-Based Deployment
MySQL 5.1 to 5.5 & 5.6 on AWS RDS
5X Performance Boost
Deployment Type
Cloud-Based Deployment
Database Stack
MySQL 5.1 to 5.5 & 5.6 on AWS RDS
Outcome
5X Performance Boost

Business Challenges

Overview
Practo needed a highly stable and responsive database platform that could support rapid application scaling and eliminate system-wide delays without driving up their cloud infrastructure budgets.

Platform Slowness: Inefficient, auto-generated database queries were causing high latency across the platform, directly impacting patient and doctor user experiences.

Outdated Database Engine: The platform was running on MySQL version 5.1, an outdated version that lacked modern optimization and performance capabilities.

Engine Resource Bottlenecks: The database suffered from performance limitations on AWS RDS temporary tables, which degraded processing speed during heavy transactional loads.

Escalating Operational Costs: Heavy and inefficient resource consumption by the database forced higher spending on AWS RDS maintenance and hosting, creating an unsustainable cost structure.

Goals
The key objectives the client was aiming to achieve:

Resolve database response lags to ensure stable, fast patient-doctor interactions.

Upgrade the database engine from the outdated MySQL 5.1 to modern, supported versions.

Minimize resource waste and lower monthly AWS RDS bills.

Implement a reliable deployment workflow that avoids application downtime during database schema updates.

Risks if Not Addressed
If left unresolved, these challenges posed serious risks

Risks & Impact if Not Addressed

Performance Issues

Without resolving replication lag and fragmented tables, query performance would continue to degrade, leading to a frustrating customer experience during peak hours.

Business Continuity Risks

Non-standardized backup policies increased the risk of data loss and prolonged outages, potentially disrupting thousands of orders in real-time.

Revenue Loss

Poor performance and downtime during peak times directly impacted Swiggy’s ability to fulfill customer demand, resulting in lost revenue and dissatisfied users.

Escalating Costs

Continued reliance on oversized, under-optimized infrastructure would lead to unnecessary monthly spend, straining the company’s profitability.

Developer Inefficiency

Lack of a stable and scalable database foundation meant developers spent significant time firefighting performance issues instead of innovating on features.

Performance Issues: Replication lag and fragmentation slow order searches and transactions.
Business Continuity Risks: Non-standardized backups mean longer recovery times and higher data-loss risk.
Revenue Loss: Slow page loads or timeouts during peak hours lead to failed checkouts.
Escalating Costs: Over provisioned, under-optimized servers strain profitability
Developer Inefficiency: Engineers spend more time firefighting than building new features
Goals
The key objectives the client was aiming to achieve:
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[Goal 1]
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[Goal 1]
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[Goal 1]

Solution Provided by Mydbops

Mydbops took on the challenge of restructuring Practo's database layer, implementing a multi-phased optimization strategy focused on platform reliability, user experience, and cost efficiency:
Peak Traffic Stabilization:

Resolved critical system slowdowns during high-volume booking hours by eliminating database disk constraints, ensuring patients and doctors experienced zero platform freezes.

Platform Modernization:


Upgraded the aging core database environment fromMySQL 5.1 to MySQL 5.5, and subsequently to MySQL 5.6. This transition provided a modernized, highly stable infrastructure layer that eliminated platform lag and supported future traffic scaling.

Search and Booking Speed Optimization:


Replaced slow, auto-generated database calls with highly optimized,clean SQL queries, directly accelerating medical search results and booking confirmation times for patients.

Database Version Roadmap

Three-tier migration path to achieve modern, non-blocking deployment capabilities

MySQL 5.1

Legacy Baseline

Legacy runtime plagued by resource limitations, temporary table bottlenecks, and high AWS RDS maintenance overhead.

MySQL 5.5

Immediate Relief

Modernized core database environment to the latest available standard on RDS, providing immediate execution layer stability.

MySQL 5.6

Target Architecture

Enabled advanced query optimization. Integrated non-blocking structural database changes seamlessly within the CI/CD pipeline.

Database Efficiency Overhaul:


Conducted a thoroughschema and index refinementto clean the underlying database architecture, removing unnecessary constraints to lower operational overhead.

Infrastructure Value Maximization:


Optimized the database software to run in perfect alignment with the underlying cloud hardware, ensuring Practo extracted maximum efficiency and performance from their AWS cloud investments.

Platform Operations Baseline Comparison

Direct business outcomes mapped from database modernization interventions

Legacy Bottlenecks

  • Service Disruptions: Database slowness directly stalled booking and search services during peak traffic windows.
  • Infrastructure Waste: Inefficient auto-generated queries drove heavy database resource consumption.
  • Deployment Blockers: Required database maintenance altered schema states with high risk of downtime.

Modernized Infrastructure

  • Platform Stability: Relieved peak-traffic data load immediately, ensuring stable and reliable doctor discovery.
  • Query Acceleration: Deployed highly optimized, clean SQL queries to reduce resource footprint and cost.
  • Non-Blocking Updates: Enabled zero-downtime structural database alters integrated inside a modern CI/CD pipeline.

Results and Impact

Key Outcomes

5X Better Platform Performance:

Post-optimization, the database registered a 5X performance improvement, reducing response times and creating a highly stable database environment.

Lower Infrastructure Expenses:

Optimizing queries and database performance directly minimized AWS RDS resource utilization, leading to lower monthly database bills.

Non-Blocking CI/CD DB Deployments:

The transition to MySQL 5.6 allowed the platform to execute online alters. DB deployments were integrated into a modern CI/CD pipeline, ending application downtime during database schema updates.

Constant Operational Peace of Mind:

Transitioned the database operations under Mydbops 24/7 continuous support, guaranteeing high availability and professional monitoring.

Engineering & Operational Impact

How database refactoring shifted internal development and operations from high friction to high efficiency

Operational Area Before Mydbops Optimization With Mydbops Database Management
Application Deployments Blocked Pipeline
Database schema alterations were blocked and risked application downtime.
Continuous Delivery
Automated, non-blocking online alters natively built inside the CI/CD pipeline.
Infrastructure Overhead Manual Monitoring
Development teams regularly had to diagnose database slowdowns and manual issues.
Fully Managed Support
Ongoing proactive health monitoring covered entirely under 24/7 expert database care.
Query Lifecycle Resource Heavy
Inefficient, auto-generated database queries consistently exhausted disk resources.
Optimized SQL
Clean, structured SQL queries executing with lightweight hardware utilization.
Building a Scalable Database Foundation

Digital healthcare platforms operate under strict demands for uptime and responsiveness. For a patient looking to book an appointment or consult a doctor, even a few seconds of delay can disrupt critical care coordination. Practo faced a crossroads where its rapid business growth collided with the technical limitations of an aging database environment. Heavy resource consumption, sluggish query execution, and high cloud costs threatened to impact service quality.

By partnering with Mydbops, Practo did not just receive a quick fix. The collaboration started by resolving the immediate disk IO bottlenecks using provisioned IOPS, followed by a systematic overhaul of query structures, index designs, and engine configurations. Upgrading to newer database engines allowed Practo to run a leaner, faster, and more cost-efficient database stack on AWS RDS.

The final step of building online database alterations directly into a CI/CD pipeline meant the engineering team could deploy new features without interrupting patient access. This technical turnaround established a highly stable database layer capable of supporting Practo's journey into global markets and massive user scales.

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